honeypot link
skip to main content
Professional
Consumer
MSD Manual
Professional Version
MEDICAL TOPICS
RESOURCES
DRUG INFO
COMMENTARY
PROCEDURES
QUIZZES
ABOUT US
MEDICAL TOPICS
RESOURCES
<
Allergy and Immunology
Allergic, Autoimmune, and Other Hypersensitivity Disorders
Expand all
Collapse all
Overview of Allergic and Atopic Disorders
Classification of Hypersensitivity Reactions
Type I hypersensitivity reactions
Type II hypersensitivity reactions
Type III hypersensitivity reactions
Type IV hypersensitivity reactions
Classification references
Etiology
Allergens
Etiology references
Pathophysiology
Symptoms and Signs
Diagnosis
Nonspecific tests
Specific tests
Diagnosis references
Treatment
Emergency treatment
Environmental control
Antihistamines
Mast cell stabilizers
Anti-inflammatory medications
Leukotriene modifiers
Biologic therapies in allergic disorders
Immunotherapy
Allergy treatment during pregnancy and breastfeeding
Treatment references
Prevention
Key Points
More Information
Allergic Rhinitis
Symptoms and Signs
Diagnosis
Diagnosis references
Treatment
Treatment references
Prevention
Avoidance of triggers
Desensitization
Key Points
Anaphylaxis
General reference
Etiology
Etiology reference
Pathophysiology
Anaphylactoid reactions
Symptoms and Signs
Diagnosis
Diagnosis references
Treatment
Epinephrine
Other treatments
Treatment references
Prevention
Prevention reference
Key Points
Angioedema
Acute angioedema
Chronic angioedema
Hereditary and acquired angioedema
References
Symptoms and Signs
Diagnosis
Treatment
Treatment reference
Key Points
Hereditary and Acquired
C1 Inhibitor
Deficiency or Dysfunction
Hereditary angioedema
Acquired C1 inhibitor deficiency
Triggers
General references
Symptoms and Signs
Diagnosis
Diagnosis references
Treatment
Treatment references
Prevention
Long-term prophylaxis
Short-term prophylaxis
Prevention references
Key Points
Autoimmune Disorders
Mechanisms
Genetic factors
Defense mechanisms
Reference
Drug Hypersensitivity
Pathophysiology
Pathophysiology references
Symptoms and Signs
Serum sickness
Drug-induced immune hemolytic anemia
DRESS (drug rash with eosinophilia and systemic symptoms)
Pulmonary hypersensitivity caused by medications
Renal hypersensitivity caused by medications
Other autoimmune phenomena
Diagnosis
Skin testing
Other testing
Diagnosis references
Treatment
Desensitization
Treatment references
Prognosis
Prognosis reference
Key Points
Food Allergy
General reference
Etiology
Oral allergy syndrome (pollen food allergy syndrome)
Eosinophilic gastroenteropathy
Red meat allergy (including Alpha-gal syndrome)
Etiology references
Symptoms and Signs
Diagnosis
Diagnosis references
Treatment
Immunotherapy for desensitization
Biologic therapies
Treatment references
Prevention
Prevention references
Key Points
Mastocytosis and Mast Cell Activation Syndrome
General reference
Classification
Cutaneous mastocytosis
Systemic mastocytosis
Mast cell activation syndrome
Classification references
Symptoms and Signs
Diagnosis
Systemic mastocytosis
Mast cell activation syndrome
Diagnosis references
Treatment
Cutaneous mastocytosis
Systemic mastocytosis
Mast cell activation syndrome
Treatment references
Key Points