Dawa za Kutuliza Akili

First-generation antipsychotic medications

Chlorpromazine

Fluphenazine*

Haloperidol*

Loxapine

Molindone

Perphenazine

Pimozide

Thioridazine

Thiothixene

Trifluoperazine

Dry mouth

Blurred vision

Seizures

Increased heart rate and decreased blood pressure

Constipation

Sudden but often reversible tremor and muscle stiffness that may progress to rigidity

Involuntary movements of the face and arms (tardive dyskinesia)

Muscle rigidity, fever, high blood pressure, and changes in mental function (neuroleptic malignant syndrome)

Side effects are much more likely in older adults and in people with impaired balance or serious medical disorders.

Eye examination and electrocardiography (ECG) are recommended while people are taking thioridazine.

Second-generation antipsychotic medications

Aripiprazole*

Asenapine

Brexpiprazole

Cariprazine

Clozapine

Iloperidone

Lumateperone

Lurasidone

Olanzapine*

Paliperidone*

Pimavanserin

Quetiapine

Risperidone*

Ziprasidone

Drowsiness and weight gain (most common), which can be substantial

Some of these medications increase risk of accumulation of fat in the abdomen, abnormal cholesterol levels in the blood, high blood pressure, and resistance to the effects of insulin (metabolic syndrome)

This group of antipsychotic medications are less likely to cause tremor, muscle stiffness, involuntary movements (including tardive dyskinesia), and neuroleptic malignant syndrome, but other side effects may occur.

Clozapine is used much less often because it can cause bone marrow suppression, a reduced white blood cell count, and seizures. However, it is often effective in people who are not responsive to other antipsychotic medications.

Clozapine and olanzapine are most likely to cause weight gain, and aripiprazole is the least likely.

Ziprasidone does not cause weight gain but may lead to abnormalities on an electrocardiogram.

Aripiprazole, brexpiprazole, cariprazine, and ziprasidone are less likely to cause metabolic syndrome.

Lumateperone has a lower risk of motor and metabolic side effect

Muscarinic receptor agonists

Xanomeline-Trospium

Gastrointestinal side effects (nausea, vomiting, constipation) and anticholinergic side effects (such as blurred vision) can be seen.