Many noninvasive and invasive tests can delineate cardiac structure and function (see table ).
Treatments can also be administered during certain invasive diagnostic tests (eg, percutaneous coronary intervention and other interventional procedures during cardiac catheterization, radiofrequency ablation during electrophysiologic testing).
Обстеження для оцінювання анатомії та функції серця
Application | Tests |
|---|---|
Cardiac and great vessel anatomy | Echocardiography, including 3D echocardiography CT and CT angiography MR and MR angiography Direct contrast ventriculography and angiography Chest radiography |
Left ventricular function | Contrast ventriculography PET imaging SPECT myocardial perfusion imaging |
Coronary artery disease diagnosis and prognosis | Measurement of fractional flow reserve Exercise or pharmacologic stress testing with ECG, myocardial perfusion imaging, cardiac MR, or echocardiography Intravascular ultrasound/optical coherence tomography Magnetic resonance angiography Coronary CT angiography and coronary calcium scoring ECG |
Myocardial viability | SPECT myocardial perfusion imaging Stress testing (using low-dose dobutamine) with echocardiography |
Myocardial inflammation and fibrosis | MR (with gadolinium contrast) Endomyocardial biopsy |
3D = 3 dimensional; CT = computed tomography; ECG = electrocardiography; MR = magnetic resonance; MRI = magnetic resonance imaging; MUGA = multiple-gated acquisition; PET = positron emission tomography; SPECT = single-photon emission CT | |
