[{"Title":"Sababu","UniqueID":"v11556035_sw","Index":1.0,"Summary":"

In the United States and other developed countries, the most common causes of cirrhosis are

","HeadType":"F_Head","SchemeItemProp":"","Children":[]},{"Title":"Dalili","UniqueID":"v759209_sw","Index":2.0,"Summary":"

Many people with cirrhosis have no symptoms and appear to be well for years. About one third never develop symptoms.

","HeadType":"F_Head","SchemeItemProp":"","Children":[{"Title":"Matatizo ya sirosisi","UniqueID":"v28485447_sw","Index":1.0,"Summary":"

Many people with cirrhosis have no symptoms and appear to be well for years. About one third never develop symptoms.

","HeadType":"G_Head","SchemeItemProp":"","Children":[{"Title":"Shinikizo la juu la damu kwenye mshipa wa portal","UniqueID":"v28485450_sw","Index":1.0,"Summary":"

Portal hypertension (high blood pressure in the portal vein) is a serious complication. When it causes blood to back up in the veins connected to it, these veins may enlarge and twist (called varicose veins). Varicose veins may develop at the lower end of the esophagus ( esophageal varices ), in the stomach ( gastric varices ), or in the rectum (rectal varices). Varicose veins are fragile and prone to bleeding. People may vomit large amounts of blood if esophageal or gastric varices bleed (see Gastrointestinal Bleeding ). If bleeding is slow and continues for a long time, it may cause anemia. If bleeding is rapid and more severe, it may result in shock and death.

","HeadType":"H_Head","SchemeItemProp":"","Children":[]},{"Title":"Shinikizo la juu la damu katika portal ya mapafu","UniqueID":"v28485456_sw","Index":2.0,"Summary":"

Portal hypertension can cause high blood pressure in the arteries of the lungs (called portopulmonary hypertension ). This problem can cause symptoms of heart failure , such as difficulty breathing, particularly when lying down, and fatigue.

","HeadType":"H_Head","SchemeItemProp":"","Children":[]},{"Title":"Tumbo kuvimba","UniqueID":"v28485461_sw","Index":3.0,"Summary":"

Portal hypertension plus impaired liver function may lead to accumulation of fluid within the abdomen ( ascites ). As a result, the abdomen swells and may feel tight. Also, the fluid in the abdomen may become infected (called spontaneous bacterial peritonitis).

","HeadType":"H_Head","SchemeItemProp":"","Children":[]},{"Title":"Ufyonyazi mbaya wa mafuta na vitamini","UniqueID":"v28485465_sw","Index":4.0,"Summary":"

Over time, poor absorption of fats, particularly fat-soluble vitamins, can lead to several problems. For example, when vitamin D is poorly absorbed, osteoporosis can develop. When vitamin K (which helps blood clot) is poorly absorbed, people may bleed more easily.

","HeadType":"H_Head","SchemeItemProp":"","Children":[]},{"Title":"Kuvuja damu kusiko kwa kawaida","UniqueID":"v28485469_sw","Index":5.0,"Summary":"

Cirrhosis causes other problems that can interfere with how blood clots ( disordered blood clotting ). Some problems make people more likely to bleed. For example, the spleen may enlarge. The enlarged spleen may trap blood cells and platelets. Thus, fewer platelets (which help blood clot) are in the bloodstream. Also, the damaged liver is less able to produce the proteins that help blood clot (clotting factors).

","HeadType":"H_Head","SchemeItemProp":"","Children":[]},{"Title":"Hatari iliyoongezeka ya maambukizi","UniqueID":"v28485475_sw","Index":6.0,"Summary":"

The number of white blood cells may be reduced (called leukopenia) because the enlarged spleen traps them. When the number of white blood cells is low and the liver's synthesis of proteins that fight infections decreases, the risk of infections increases.

","HeadType":"H_Head","SchemeItemProp":"","Children":[]},{"Title":"Figo kushindwa kufanya kazi","UniqueID":"v28485478_sw","Index":7.0,"Summary":"

Liver failure can eventually lead to kidney failure —a condition called hepatorenal syndrome. In this syndrome, less urine is produced and excreted from the body, resulting in the buildup of toxic substances in the blood. Eventually, people with hepatorenal syndrome have difficulty breathing. This kidney problem can become severe enough to require dialysis .

","HeadType":"H_Head","SchemeItemProp":"","Children":[]},{"Title":"Kudhoofika kwa utendaji wa ubongo","UniqueID":"v28485484_sw","Index":8.0,"Summary":"

Liver failure can also cause brain function to deteriorate (called hepatic encephalopathy ) because the damaged liver can no longer remove toxic substances from the blood. These toxic substances then travel through the bloodstream and affect the brain.

","HeadType":"H_Head","SchemeItemProp":"","Children":[]},{"Title":"Saratani ya Ini","UniqueID":"v28485488_sw","Index":9.0,"Summary":"

Liver cancer ( hepatocellular carcinoma , or hepatoma) can develop in people with cirrhosis. Liver cancer monitoring, also called surveillance (periodic assessment), is required once cirrhosis is developed, because early detection of liver cancer makes curative treatment possible.

","HeadType":"H_Head","SchemeItemProp":"","Children":[]}]}]},{"Title":"Utambuzi wa Ugonjwa","UniqueID":"v759275_sw","Index":3.0,"Summary":"