Causes of Hypomagnesemia
Cause | Comment |
|---|---|
Alcohol use disorder | Due to inadequate intake and excessive renal excretion |
Gastrointestinal losses | Chronic diarrhea Steatorrhea Small-bowel bypass Chronic proton pump inhibitor use |
Pregnancy-related | Pregnancy (especially 3rd trimester; excessive renal excretion, other factors; usually physiologic) Lactation (increased magnesium requirements) |
Primary renal losses | Rare disorders that cause inappropriately high magnesium excretion (eg, Gitelman syndrome) |
Secondary renal losses | Loop and thiazide diuretics After removal of parathyroid tumor Hypersecretion of aldosterone, thyroid hormones, or vasopressin |