Vulvar Endometriomas

ByJames H. Liu, MD, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine
Reviewed/Revised Apr 2024
View Patient Education

    Vulvar endometriomas are rare, painful cysts that result from extrauterine implantation of functioning endometrial tissue (endometriosis) in the vulva.

    Rarely, endometriosis occurs in the vulva (or the vagina [1]), sometimes producing cysts (endometriomas), often at the site of previous surgery or a wound (eg, episiotomy, laceration during childbirth).

    Endometriomas usually develop in the midline. They may be painful, particularly during intercourse. During menstruation, pain increases and endometriomas may enlarge. Endometriomas are tender and may appear blue. They can rupture, causing severe pain.

    Diagnosis of vulvar endometriomas is by pelvic examination and biopsy.

    Treatment of vulvar endometriomas involves excision.

    Reference

    1. 1. Scioscia M, Noventa M, Desgro M, et al: A rare case of primary vulvar endometriosis: case report and review of the literature. J Obstet Gynaecol. 2022;42(2):354-356. doi:10.1080/01443615.2021.1907559

    quizzes_lightbulb_red
    Test your KnowledgeTake a Quiz!
    Download the free MSD Manual App iOS ANDROID
    Download the free MSD Manual App iOS ANDROID
    Download the free MSD Manual App iOS ANDROID