Agoraphobia in Children and Adolescents

ByJosephine Elia, MD, Sidney Kimmel Medical College of Thomas Jefferson University
Reviewed/Revised Modified Oct 2025
v12819064
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Agoraphobia is a persistent fear of being trapped in public situations or places with no way to escape easily and no one to help.

Agoraphobia is an anxiety disorder characterized by an intense fear or anxiety about being in situations where escape might be difficult or help unavailable should a panic attack or other incapacitating symptoms occur. This fear can lead people to avoid situations and environments that might provoke such feelings. Agoraphobia may develop in adolescents, particularly those who have panic attacks, but it is uncommon in children.

(See also Agoraphobia in adults.)

Symptoms of Agoraphobia in Children

Adolescents experience intense fear or anxiety during or before activities such as the following:

  • Using public transportation

  • Being in open spaces

  • Being in enclosed public spaces (such as a store or movie theater) from which children may be afraid they cannot escape

  • Standing in line or being in a crowd

  • Being outside the home alone

Adolescents may have panic attacks when they try to do the distressing activity. They may then avoid that activity.

Diagnosis of Agoraphobia in Children

  • A doctor’s evaluation, based on standard psychiatric diagnostic criteria

  • Sometimes questionnaires about symptoms

  • Symptoms

For agoraphobia to be diagnosed, the fear or anxiety must be unreasonable and

  • Persist for 6 months or more

  • Cause significant distress

  • Interfere with social, academic, or other functions

Treatment of Agoraphobia in Children

  • Behavioral therapy

Behavioral therapy is especially useful for agoraphobia symptoms.

Medications rarely help adolescents with agoraphobia, except to help control panic attacks.

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