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MSD Manual
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Professional
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Pulmonary Disorders
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Sleep Apnea
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Sleep Apnea
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Central Sleep Apnea
General references
Pathophysiology
Etiology
Symptoms and Signs
Diagnosis
Treatment
Treatment references
More Information
Obstructive Sleep Apnea (OSA)
General references
Pathophysiology
Related disorders
Complications
Pathophysiology references
Etiology
Etiology references
Symptoms and Signs
Symptoms and signs references
Diagnosis
Sleep studies
Diagnosis references
Prognosis
Prognosis reference
Treatment
Control of risk factors
Continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP)
Oral appliances
Surgery
Upper airway stimulation
Adjunctive treatments
Patient education and support
Treatment references
Key Points
More Information
Obstructive Sleep Apnea (OSA) in Children
Etiology
Symptoms and Signs
Diagnosis
Diagnosis reference
Treatment
Treatment reference
Key Points
More Information