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MSD Manual
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HEALTH TOPICS
HEALTHY LIVING
SYMPTOMS
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HEALTH TOPICS
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Heart and Blood Vessel Disorders
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Heart Failure
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Heart Failure
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Overview of Heart Failure
Types of heart failure
The Body's Response to Heart Failure
Hormonal responses
Kidney responses
Enlargement of the heart
Heart Failure (HF)
Causes
Cardiac causes of heart failure
Non-cardiac causes of heart failure
Symptoms
Right-sided heart failure symptoms
Left-sided heart failure symptoms
Symptoms of severe heart failure
Diagnosis
Chest x-ray
Electrocardiography
Echocardiography
Blood tests
Other tests
Treatment
Stabilization and treatment of acute heart failure
General measures for chronic heart failure
Treatment of the cause
Lifestyle changes
Medications for chronic heart failure
Other measures for acute and chronic heart failure
End-of-life issues
Prevention
More Information
Right Heart Failure and Cor Pulmonale
How cor pulmonale develops
Symptoms
Diagnosis
Treatment
Heart Transplantation
Donors
Procedure
Complications
Rejection
Transplant-related atherosclerosis