honeypot link
skip to main content
  • follow us on facebook
  • follow us on Twitter
MSDMSD ManualConsumer Version
HEALTH TOPICSHEALTHY LIVINGSYMPTOMSEMERGENCIESRESOURCESCOMMENTARYABOUT US
homeHEALTH TOPICSHEALTHY LIVING
Search icon
  1. Home/
  2. Eye Disorders/
  3. Refractive Disorders/
    Refractive Disorders
    • Overview of Refractive Disorders
      • Causes
      • Symptoms
      • Diagnosis
      • Treatment
    • Corrective Lenses
      • Eyeglasses
      • Contact Lenses
        • Rigid contact lenses
        • Scleral contact lenses
        • Soft contact lenses
        • Care and complications of contact lenses
    • Surgery for Refractive Errors
      • Types of refractive surgery
      • Laser In Situ Keratomileusis (LASIK)
      • Photorefractive Keratectomy (PRK)
      • Other Refractive Surgery
        • Small incision lenticule extraction (SMILE)
        • Phakic intraocular lenses (IOLs)
        • Corneal inlays
        • Clear lensectomy
        • Intracorneal ring segments (INTACS)
        • Radial keratotomy and astigmatic keratotomy
    MSD
    • About
    • Disclaimer
    • Permissions
    • Privacy
    • Cookie Preferences
    • Terms of use
    • Partnerships
    • Contact Us
    • Global Medical Knowledge
    • Veterinary Manual
    • Mobile App
    • follow us on facebook
    • follow us on Twitter
    This icon serves as a link to download the eSSENTIAL Accessibility assistive technology app for individuals with physical disabilities. It is featured as part of our commitment to diversity and inclusion.
    • follow us on facebook
    • follow us on Twitter
    This icon serves as a link to download the eSSENTIAL Accessibility assistive technology app for individuals with physical disabilities. It is featured as part of our commitment to diversity and inclusion.
    MSD

    Copyright© 2025Merck & Co., Inc., Rahway, NJ, USA and its affiliates. All rights reserved.