MSD Manual
Please confirm that you are a health care professional
Yes
No
MSD
Manual
Professional Version
The trusted provider of medical information since 1899
Deutsch (GERMAN)
ENGLISH
ESPAÑOL (SPANISH)
FRANÇAIS (FRENCH)
Italiano (ITALIAN)
日本語 (JAPANESE)
Português (PORTUGUESE)
РУССКИЙ (RUSSIAN)
中文 (CHINESE)
Tiếng Việt (Vietnamese)
Search
Search
A-Z
VIEW CONSUMER VERSION
HOME
MEDICAL TOPICS
Common Health Topics
Cardiovascular Disorders
Clinical Pharmacology
Critical Care Medicine
Dental Disorders
Dermatologic Disorders
Ear, Nose, and Throat Disorders
Endocrine and Metabolic Disorders
Eye Disorders
Gastrointestinal Disorders
Genitourinary Disorders
Geriatrics
Gynecology and Obstetrics
Hematology and Oncology
Hepatic and Biliary Disorders
Immunology; Allergic Disorders
Infectious Diseases
Injuries; Poisoning
Musculoskeletal and Connective Tissue Disorders
Neurologic Disorders
Nutritional Disorders
Pediatrics
Psychiatric Disorders
Pulmonary Disorders
Special Subjects
Resources
Videos
Figures
Images
Quizzes
View All Resources
RESOURCES
3D Models
Abbreviations
Lab Tests
Audio
Case Studies
Clinical Calculators
Conversion Tables
Figures
Images
Lab Values
Quizzes
Tables
Videos
NEWS
Accidental Awareness High With General Anesthesia in Obstetric Surgeries
Adults Delaying Even Emergency Care During COVID-19
Antibody Drug May Protect Nursing Home Residents, Staff From COVID-19
Bamlanivimab + Etesevimab Reduces SARS-CoV-2 Viral Load
View All News >
View All News >
PROCEDURES
The Vaginal Exam in Labor
Uterine Compression
Uterine Balloon Tamponade
View All Procedures >
View All Procedures >
QUIZZES & CASES
Quizzes
More Quizzes
Cases
More Case Studies
ABOUT
Overview
History
Editors and the Editorial Process
Publishing and Production Staff
Editorial Board
Contributors
Reviewers
Content Providers
Global Medical Knowledge
FAQ
Contact Us
Courtesy of
about MSD
research
Medical Topics & Chapters
A
B
C
D
E
F
G
H
I
J
K
L
M
N
O
P
Q
R
S
T
U
V
W
X
Y
Z
HOME
MEDICAL TOPICS
Common Health Topics
Cardiovascular Disorders
Clinical Pharmacology
Critical Care Medicine
Dental Disorders
Dermatologic Disorders
Ear, Nose, and Throat Disorders
Endocrine and Metabolic Disorders
Eye Disorders
Gastrointestinal Disorders
Genitourinary Disorders
Geriatrics
Gynecology and Obstetrics
Hematology and Oncology
Hepatic and Biliary Disorders
Immunology; Allergic Disorders
Infectious Diseases
Injuries; Poisoning
Musculoskeletal and Connective Tissue Disorders
Neurologic Disorders
Nutritional Disorders
Pediatrics
Psychiatric Disorders
Pulmonary Disorders
Special Subjects
Resources
Videos
Figures
Images
Quizzes
View All Resources
RESOURCES
3D Models
Abbreviations
Lab Tests
Audio
Case Studies
Clinical Calculators
Conversion Tables
Figures
Images
Lab Values
Quizzes
Tables
Videos
NEWS
Accidental Awareness High With General Anesthesia in Obstetric Surgeries
Adults Delaying Even Emergency Care During COVID-19
Antibody Drug May Protect Nursing Home Residents, Staff From COVID-19
Bamlanivimab + Etesevimab Reduces SARS-CoV-2 Viral Load
View All News >
View All News >
PROCEDURES
The Vaginal Exam in Labor
Uterine Compression
Uterine Balloon Tamponade
View All Procedures >
View All Procedures >
QUIZZES & CASES
Quizzes
More Quizzes
Cases
More Case Studies
ABOUT
Overview
History
Editors and the Editorial Process
Publishing and Production Staff
Editorial Board
Contributors
Reviewers
Content Providers
Global Medical Knowledge
FAQ
Contact Us
Courtesy of
about MSD
research
Professional
/
Special Subjects
/
...
/
Limb Prosthetics
/
Limb Prosthetics
Expand all
Collapse all
Overview of Limb Prosthetics
Goals
Amputation rehabilitation team
Amputations
Preparing the patient
Postoperative management and complications
Reference
Prosthetic Components
Interface between the residual limb and prosthesis
Structural components of a limb prosthesis
Cover and appearance of a limb prosthesis
Options for Limb Prostheses
Upper Extremity Prostheses
General types of upper extremity prosthesis
Partial-hand prostheses
Wrist disarticulation prostheses
Below-elbow prostheses
Elbow disarticulation and above-elbow prostheses
Shoulder disarticulation and interscapular/forequarter prostheses
Lower Extremity Prostheses
Partial-foot prostheses
Syme ankle disarticulation prostheses
Transtibial (below-knee) prostheses
Knee disarticulation and transfemoral (above-knee) prostheses
Hip disarticulation and hemipelvectomy prostheses
Preparing for a Limb Prosthesis
Preoperative Management
Postoperative and Preprosthetic Considerations
Preparatory prosthesis
Learning to use a limb prosthesis
Fitting the Prosthesis
Skin Care of the Residual Limb
Risk factors for skin problems
Skin breakdown
Skin infection
Other skin problems
Edema of the Residual Limb
Loosening of the Prosthesis
Pain in the Residual Limb
Causes
Phantom pain
Phantom sensation
Evaluation