MSD Manual
Please confirm that you are not located inside the Russian Federation
Yes
No
honeypot link
skip to main content
MSD
Manual
Consumer Version
The trusted provider of medical information since 1899
VIEW PROFESSIONAL VERSION
A
A
A
Deutsch (GERMAN)
ENGLISH
ESPAÑOL (SPANISH)
FRANÇAIS (FRENCH)
Italiano (ITALIAN)
日本語 (JAPANESE)
한국어 (KOREAN)
Português (PORTUGUESE)
РУССКИЙ (RUSSIAN)
中文 (CHINESE)
العربية (ARABIC)
VIEW PROFESSIONAL VERSION
Search
Search
A-Z
A
A
A
HOME
HEALTH TOPICS
Common Health Topics
Blood Disorders
Bone, Joint, and Muscle Disorders
Brain, Spinal Cord, and Nerve Disorders
Cancer
Children's Health Issues
Digestive Disorders
Disorders of Nutrition
Drugs
Ear, Nose, and Throat Disorders
Eye Disorders
Fundamentals
Heart and Blood Vessel Disorders
Hormonal and Metabolic Disorders
Immune Disorders
Infections
Injuries and Poisoning
Kidney and Urinary Tract Disorders
Liver and Gallbladder Disorders
Lung and Airway Disorders
Men's Health Issues
Mental Health Disorders
Mouth and Dental Disorders
Older People’s Health Issues
Skin Disorders
Special Subjects
Women's Health Issues
Resources
Videos
Figures
Images
Quizzes
Common Medical Tests
View All Resources
Healthy Living
SYMPTOMS
General
ALL SYMPTOMS >
EMERGENCIES
Cardiac Arrest
Choking
ALL EMERGENCIES >
RESOURCES
Abbreviations
Audio
3D Models
Common Medical Tests
Figures
First Aid
Images
Infographics
Lab Tests
Medical Terms
The One-Page Manual of Health
Pronunciations
Quizzes
Self-Assessment Tools
Tables
Videos
Weights & Measures
Quick Facts
NEWS
Tough Choices: When It's Time to Move From Home to Assisted Living
Live in a Wildfire Zone? Be Prepared
CDC Backs Moderna Vaccine for Those Aged 6-17
COVID Vaccines Saved 20 Million Lives Worldwide in First Year
View All News >
ABOUT
Overview
History
Global Medical Knowledge
The Manuals Staff
Editorial Board and Reviewers
Contributors
Content Providers
Mobile Apps
Permissions
Licensing
Social Media
FAQ
Contact Us
Courtesy of
about MSD
MSD careers
Research
Health Topics & Chapters
A
B
C
D
E
F
G
H
I
J
K
L
M
N
O
P
Q
R
S
T
U
V
W
X
Y
Z
Home
/
Fundamentals
/
...
/
Death and Dying
/
Death and Dying
Expand all
Collapse all
Introduction to Death and Dying
More Information
Time Course of Dying
Communicating with a dying person
Choices to Make Before Death
Choosing a health care team for end-of-life care
Choosing to donate organs after death
Treatment Options at the End of Life
Feeding tubes
Resuscitation
Location
Making choices known
Hospice Care
More Information
Symptoms During a Fatal Illness
Pain
Shortness of Breath
Digestive Tract Problems
Dry mouth
Nausea and vomiting
Constipation
Difficulty swallowing
Loss of appetite
Incontinence
Pressure Sores
Fatigue
Depression and Anxiety
Confusion and Unconsciousness
Stress
Financial Concerns at the End of Life
Legal and Ethical Concerns at the End of Life
Advance directives
Suicide
More Information
Acceptance of Death and Dying
When Death Is Near
When Death Occurs