Some Causes of Symptoms of Depression and Mania*

Type of Disorder

Depression

Mania

Systemic rheumatic disease

Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE)

SLE

Endocrine

Addison disease

Cushing syndrome

Diabetes mellitus

Hyperparathyroidism

Hyperthyroidism

Hypogonadism

Hypopituitarism

Hypothyroidism

Hyperthyroidism

Infectious

AIDS

General paresis (parenchymatous neurosyphilis)

Infectious mononucleosis

Influenza

Tuberculosis (TB)

Viral hepatitis

Viral pneumonia

AIDS

General paresis

Influenza

St. Louis encephalitis

Neoplastic

Cancer of the head of the pancreas

Disseminated carcinomatosis

Neurologic

Cerebral tumors

Focal-onset seizures

Dementing disorders in the early phase

Head trauma

Multiple sclerosis

Parkinson disease

Sleep apnea

Stroke (left frontal)

Focal-onset seizures

Diencephalic tumors

Head trauma

Huntington disease

Multiple sclerosis

Stroke

Nutritional

Pellagra

Pernicious anemia

Other

Coronary artery disease

Fibromyalgia

Renal failure or hepatic failure

Pharmacologic

Anticholinesterase insecticides

Barbiturates

Corticosteroids

Estrogen therapy

Interferon

Mercury

Oral contraceptives

Phenothiazines

Reserpine

Thallium

Amphetamines

Certain antidepressants

Corticosteroids

Sympathomimetic medications

Mental (other than mood disorders)

Alcohol and other substance use disorders

Antisocial personality disorder

Anxiety disorders

Borderline personality disorder

Schizophrenic disorders

* Depression commonly occurs in these disorders, but no causal relationship has been established.