Диференціація поліпів, вузлів і гранульом голосових зв'язок
Type | Causes | Features | Treatment |
|---|---|---|---|
Polyps | Acute vocal trauma (most common), gastroesophageal reflux, untreated hypothyroid states, chronic laryngeal allergic reactions, chronic inhalation of irritants (eg, industrial fumes, cigarette smoke) | Traumatic lesions are typically unilateral Bilateral polyps are often due to other causes Occur at the mid membranous cord Larger than nodules Often a surface blood vessel | Surgical removal of traumatic polyps Medical treatment, initially, of other polypoid lesions Speech rehabilitative therapy to alter harsh vocal habits |
Nodules | Chronic voice trauma (eg, from yelling, shouting, singing loudly, using an unnaturally low frequency) | Bilateral Occur at the junction of the anterior and middle third of the cords | Behavior modification (eg, decreasing musculoskeletal laryngeal tension when speaking), voice therapy, antireflux therapy |
Granulomas | Cough, reflux disease, endotracheal intubation | Often bilateral but can be unilateral Occur at vocal processes (posterior cords) Larger than nodules | Voice therapy, antireflux therapy For granulomas that do not regress, surgical removal |