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MSD Manual
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Pediatrics
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Congenital Renal and Genitourinary Anomalies
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Congenital Renal and Genitourinary Anomalies
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Overview of Congenital Genitourinary Anomalies
Bladder Anomalies
Bladder diverticulum
Bladder exstrophy
Megacystis syndrome
Neurogenic bladder
Cryptorchidism
Pathophysiology
Complications of cryptorchidism
Etiology
Symptoms and Signs
Diagnosis
Treatment
Key Points
Penile and Urethral Anomalies
Penile Anomalies
Chordee
Epispadias
Hypospadias
Phimosis and paraphimosis
Other penile anomalies
Urethral Anomalies
Urethral meatal stenosis
Urethral stricture
Urethral valves
Urethral prolapse
Prune-Belly Syndrome (Triad Syndrome)
Renal Anomalies
Autosomal recessive polycystic kidney disease
Duplication anomalies
Fusion anomalies
Malrotation
Multicystic dysplastic kidney (MCDK)
Renal agenesis
Renal dysplasia
Renal ectopia
Renal hypoplasia
Testicular and Scrotal Anomalies
Congenital hydrocele
Ureteral Anomalies
Ectopic ureteral orifices
Retrocaval ureter
Ureter duplication anomalies
Ureteral stenosis
Ureterocele
Vaginal Anomalies
Vesicoureteral Reflux (VUR)
Etiology
Pathophysiology
Symptoms and Signs
Diagnosis
Treatment
Monitoring
Key Points